As cores e a sua influência no processo projetual

Nos dias atuais, a tecnologia em materiais e compostos viabiliza a aplicação de uma grande gama de cores em qualquer processo de produção seja este gráfico ou produto. Antigamente, as limitações da produção em série permitiam uma pequena variedade de cores e motivos, e o consumidor tinha acesso a poucas opções na hora da compra. Hoje, as empresas fazem uso incessante das cores em produtos, a fim de os diferenciar dos concorrentes, o que desperta um alerta durante o processo criativo dos designer: Como aplicar adequadamente as cores aos produtos? Este artigo objetiva auxiliar estes profissionais a entenderem como funciona o espectro cromático na sua fisiologia e psicologia, de maneira a demonstrar um método de criar uma paleta de cores direcionada para o usuário que se pretende atingir. Essa sugestão métodologica, entre outras possíveis, deve facilitar o processo de escolha das cores pelo profissional durante o processo criativo e projetua

The origin and genetic diversity of the causal agent of Asian soybean rust, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, in South America

A sequence‐based approach was used to investigate molecular genetic variations in Phakopsora pachyrhizi, an obligate biotrophic pathogen that causes Asian soybean rust. In Argentina, the samples came from uredinium‐bearing leaves taken from 11 soybean fields; in Brazil, the samples comprised urediniospores from leaves of 10 soybean genotypes that had been grown in three experimental stations during two growing seasons. PCR‐based cloning techniques were used to generate DNA sequences for two gene regions and alignments were supplemented with data from GenBank. A total of 575 sequences for the internal transcribed spacer region (18 ribotypes) and 160 partial sequences for a housekeeping gene encoding ADP‐ribosylation factor (10 haplotypes) were obtained. Ribotype accumulation curves predicted that about 20 bacterial clones would recover 5–6 ribotypes (c. 70–80% of the total molecular variation) per locality. The samples from the three experimental stations in Brazil displayed most (14 out of 16) ribotypes found worldwide; the lack of genetic structure and differentiation at a diverse geographic scale suggests that both local and distant sources provide airborne inoculum during disease establishment. Soybean genotypes with resistance genes for the Asian soybean rust did not decrease the molecular genetic variation of fungal populations.Instituto de GenéticaFil: Jorge, V.R. Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular; BrasilFil: Silva, M.R. Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular; BrasilFil: Guillin, Eduardo Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Freire, M.C.M. Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular; BrasilFil: Schuster, I. Cooperativa Central de Pesquisa Agrícola; BrasilFil: Almeida, A.M.R. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa‐Soja; BrasilFil: Oliveira, Luiz O. Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular; Brasi

Low temperature processing of solution-derived ceria deposits on flat surfaces of 3D-printed polyamide

Doped ceria deposits have been prepared on 3D-printed polyamide-12 components starting from inkjet-compatible solutions in an attempt to functionalize the surface of the plastic part, followed by a low temperature decomposition process at 160¿°C in air. The non-continuous deposits were characterized by simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and evolved gas analysis, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. After thermal treatment, the deposits are still clearly visible at the surface of the polymer. However, no crystallinity of the ceria is observed, in contrast to identical low temperature processing on inert substrates such as glass where nanoparticle ceria aggregates were produced. This is tentatively explained by the chemically-reducing character of the polyamide, and in particular to CO and hydrocarbon gases released during the heating process, which would continuously induce the reduction of Ce4+ to Ce3+ at the low temperature of 160¿°C, influencing the non-detection of crystalline ceria.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Uso da Região Ventroglútea como Alternativa para Administração de Imunobiológicos: Uma Revisão Bibliográfica

A administração de imunobiológicos é uma atividade que deve ser desempenhada por profissionais com domínio de habilidades e conhecimento. Para escolha do local de aplicação das mais diversas vacinas, critérios como menor reatogenicidade e melhor imunogenicidade devem ser considerados. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre a administração de imunobiológicos na região ventroglútea, ressaltando as vantagens e desvantagens desta via. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa descritiva de natureza bibliográfica realizada por meio das bases de dados. Foram pesquisados artigos que estudaram a utilização da região ventroglútea como área de escolha para administração de injetáveis. O estudo demonstrou apesar de ser uma região segura para administração de vacinas, ainda não é bem aceita pelos profissionais de saúde.Palavras-chaves: vacina, ventroglúetaABSTRACTThe administration of immunobiological is an activity that should beperformed by professionals with domain knowledge and skills. To choose thesite of application of various vaccines, criteria such as low reactogenicity andimmunogenicity best should be considered. This study aimed to investigate theevidence available in the literature on the management of the immunobiologicalventrogluteal site, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of this route.This was a descriptive nature of bibliographic through databases. We searchedarticles that studied the use of ventrogluteal site as an area of choice forintravenous administration. The study demonstrated despite being a safe regionfor vaccine administration, yet not well accepted by health professionals.KEYWORDS: vaccine, ventroglutea

Qualidade Sanitária E Germinação De Sementes De Butia Capitata Tratadas Com Bactericida E Fungicida

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Propagation of “coquinho-azedo” (Butia capitata) is limited due to dormancy and high incidence of fungi in its seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of treating “coquinho-azedo” seeds with different concentrations of bactericide and/or fungicide on the incidence of fungi and on the germination of seeds. Thus, B. capitata seeds were immersed in four doses of the bactericide kasugamycin (0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 mL/L) and/or in four concentrations of the fungicide carbendazim+ thiram (0, 2.92, 5.84 e 8.75 mL/ Kg), totaling 16 treatments. After the treatments, the operculum was removed from the seeds, which were placed on trays containing autoclaved sand, covered with transparent plastic film and kept in the nursery. In the germination test, treatments were distributed in randomized block design, factorial arrangement of 4×4 (bactericidal doses × fungicide doses), with four replicates of 50 seeds per plot. For the test of seed health quality, the Blotter test was employed in completely randomized design, using 20 replicates and 10 seeds. Health quality and germination were evaluated at 15 and 40 days after the treatment of seeds, respectively. There was no interaction between the bactericide and the fungicide on germination and control of fungi associated with seeds. However, there was an effect of fungicide concentrations on the evaluated parameters. We observed a negative correlation between the concentrations of the fungicide carbendazim + thiram and fungal incidence, and a positive correlation between the fungicide concentrations and seed germination. Therefore, fungicide treatment reduces the fungal incidence and provides better germination of B. capitata seeds. © 2016, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). All rights reserved.424303307CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Wolbachia pipientis: first detection in populations of Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) and Psyllaephagus bliteus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in Brazil

The sucking insect, Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), is originally from Australia and reduces the productivity of Eucalyptus crops. The parasitoid Psyllaephagus bliteus Riek (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is the main agent used in the integrated management of G. brimblecombei. Endosymbionts, in insects, are important in the adaptation and protection of their hosts to the environment. The intracellular symbionts Wolbachia, induces reproductive changes such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, feminization, male death and parthenogenesis. The objective of this study was to report the first record of Wolbachia pipientis in populations of G. brimblecombei and of its parasitoid P. bliteus in the field in Brazil. Branches with adults of G. brimblecombei and P. bliteus were collected from eucalyptus trees in commercial farms in six Brazilian states and, after emergence, the insects obtained were frozen at -20 °C. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the Wolbachia endosymbiont. Wolbachia pipientis was identified in individuals of G. brimblecombei and its parasitoid P. bliteus from populations of the counties of Agudos and Mogi-Guaçu (São Paulo State), Itamarandiba (Minas Gerais State) and São Jerônimo da Serra (Paraná State) in Brazi

Hepatitis C virus genotypes in Southern Brazil

The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in Southern Brazil was studied in the plasma of 100 HCV-RNA-positive patients attended in Porto Alegre, South of Brazil. Reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) products from the 5' noncoding region were double digested with Rsal-Haeiii and BstNl-Hinfi and analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Three genotypes (1, 2 and 3) were demonstrable, the most prevalent being HCV type I (55 of 100 patients, 55%), followed by HCV type 3 (37 of 100 patients, 37%) and HCVtype 2 (8 oflOO patients, 8%). There was an unusual high prevalence of genotype 3, in contrast to the majority of published data from the Southeast region

The blaSHV-5 gene is encoded in a compound transposon duplicated in tandem in Enterobacter cloacae

AbstractThe presence of blaSHV-5 is described in a compound transposon, duplicated in tandem and flanked by IS26 copies on a 70-kb conjugative plasmid (pHNM1), in an Enterobacter cloacae strain associated with a nosocomial outbreak that occurred in Mexico

TUBERCULOSE: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

A Tuberculose (TB) doença é causada pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tendo as vias aéreas como principal via de transmissão, apresentando-se sob as formas clínicas pulmonar e extrapulmonar. A via de infecção tuberculosa é quase sempre inalatória. A doença acomete principalmente pessoas na faixa etária entre 20 e 49 anos. A incidência no gênero masculino normalmente é superior à do gênero feminino e, a forma pulmonar é a forma clínica da doença que mais acomete a população. O padrão para o diagnóstico da TB é a baciloscopia e cultura com a identificação da espécie. Segundo o Ministério da Saúde, o esquema básico de quimioprofilaxia para adultos e adolescentes é realizado por um período de seis meses, composto pelos seguintes medicamentos: Rifampicina (R), Isoniazida (H), Pirazinamida (Z) e Etambutol (E). De acordo com Ministério de Saúde, existem duas medidas preventivas eficazes contra a tuberculose: a vacinação e a quimioprofilaxia. A vacinação com a BCG é a medida mais comum para prevenção da TB é indicada para crianças de 0 a 4 anos de idade e a proteção imunitária pode manter-se por 10 a 15 anos. O Programa Nacional de Controle da Tuberculose é responsável pela redução das fontes de infecção, diagnóstico, tratamento e pela distribuição dos medicamentos que são fornecidos gratuitamente a todos os doentes registrados e acompanhados nas Unidades de Saúde, levando à consequente redução da incidência, prevalência e mortalidade causada pela TB.Palavras-chave: Tuberculose. M. tuberculosis. Diagnóstico. Tratamento